What does GSK-3 do?

What does GSK-3 do?

GSK-3 is a serine/threonine protein kinase that phosphorylate either threonine or serine, and this phosphorylation controls a variety of biological activities, such as glycogen metabolism, cell signaling, cellular transport, and others.

Why is gsk3b a good drug target?

GSK-3 has many direct and indirect effects on cell proliferation. GSK-3 can regulate the activity of transcription factors. Thus it can has important regulatory roles on cellular growth [69]. The growth arrest and DNA damage 45 (GADD45) and GADD153 genes encode tumor suppressors which are checkpoint inhibitors.

Can GSK3 phosphorylate Akt?

GSK3α has also been shown to regulate Akt in a manner unique from GSK3β, as GSK3α has been reported to promote the activating phosphorylation of Akt, which may be a cell type specific mechanism for GSK3α to attenuate its own actions (Lu et al., 2011).

What is glycogen metabolism?

Abstract. In the human body, glycogen is a branched polymer of glucose stored mainly in the liver and the skeletal muscle that supplies glucose to the blood stream during fasting periods and to the muscle cells during muscle contraction.

How is GSK-3 inactivated?

GSK-3 activity is inhibited through phosphorylation of serine 21 in GSK-3α and serine 9 in GSK-3β. These serine residues of GSK-3 have been previously identified as targets of protein kinase B (PKB/Akt), a serine/threonine kinase located downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase.

What food has glycogen?

Be sure to include food sources of glycogen in your daily diet. Complex carbs like fruits, vegetables and whole grains are some of the healthiest glycogen-boosting foods….Glycogen Foods to Focus On

• Brown rice.
• Beans.
• Potatoes and sweet potatoes.
• Barley.
• Oatmeal.
• Quinoa.

Does Akt phosphorylate GSK?

Moreover, Akt phosphorylates GSK-3β with the consequence of reducing GSK-3β activity and favoring cell survival. Activation of GSK-3β has been reported to promote apoptosis in a wide variety of conditions (Bijur and Jope, 2001; Jope and Johnson, 2004).

What stimulates glycogen synthesis?

The insulin hormone stimulates the synthesis of glycogen. When the blood glucose level rises, insulin stimulates glycogen synthase to form glycogen from glucose.

What is good for muscle repair?

The 10 Best Muscle Recovery Foods and Drinks

1. Tart cherry juice. Drinking tart cherry juice may benefit both trained athletes and novice gym-goers alike.
2. Watermelon and watermelon juice. Watermelon is sweet, hydrating, and loaded with nutrients.
3. Fatty fish.
4. Pomegranate juice.
5. Beet juice.
6. Whey protein shakes.
7. Eggs.
8. Dairy.