What is the innervation of the medial pterygoid muscle?
the trigeminal nerve
The medial pterygoid muscle is innervated by the medial pterygoid branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V3). It receives blood supply from the pterygoid branches of the maxillary artery. The bilateral contraction of this muscle elevates the mandible and closes the mouth.
What is the action of the medial pterygoid muscle?
The medial pterygoid muscle attaches to the angle of the mandible and to the lateral pterygoid plate to form a sling with the masseter muscle that suspends the mandible (Figure 6-19). The primary action is to elevate the mandible and laterally deviate it to the opposite side.
Where is the origin of the medial pterygoid muscle?
Tuberosity of maxilla
Medial pterygoid muscle
| Origin | Superficial part: Tuberosity of maxilla, Pyramidal process of palatine bone; Deep part: Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone |
|---|---|
| Insertion | Medial surface of ramus and angle of mandible |
What is the origin and insertion of the medial pterygoid muscle?
Located deep in the posterior cheek region, the medial pterygoid possesses two heads that originate from: the medial pterygoid plate; the maxillary tuberosity; and the pyramidal process of the palatine bone. The muscle inserts into the ramus and the gonial (or mandibular) angle.
What is Masseteric nerve?
The masseteric nerve is a nerve of the face. It is a branch of the mandibular nerve (V3). It crosses the mandibular notch to reach masseter muscle. It supplies the masseter muscle, and gives sensation to the temporomandibular joint.
What movements do the medial and lateral pterygoid muscles perform?
Function. The medial pterygoid muscle functions to assist with elevation and protrusion of the mandible. It also assists the lateral pterygoid muscle with side to side mandibular motion to help with the grinding of food.
What is the action of the lateral pterygoid?
Lateral Pterygoid. Depresses and protracts mandible to open mouth. Pulls forward cartilage of joint during opening of mouth. Aids in chewing.
What muscle opens the jaw?
lateral pterygoid
Masseter. The masseter muscle is one of four muscles of mastication and has the primary role of closing the jaw in conjunction with two other jaw closing muscles, the temporalis and medial pterygoid muscles. The fourth masticatory muscle, the lateral pterygoid, causes jaw protrusion and jaw opening when activated.
What attaches to the medial pterygoid plate?
Its lateral surface forms part of the medial wall of the infratemporal fossa, and gives attachment to the lateral pterygoid muscle; its medial surface forms part of the pterygoid fossa, and gives attachment to the medial pterygoid muscle….
| Lateral pterygoid plate | |
|---|---|
| TA2 | 628 |
| FMA | 54682 |
| Anatomical terms of bone |
What is the primary action of the lateral pterygoid muscle?
Function. Being a masticatory muscle, the lateral pterygoid aids in chewing and biting actions by controlling the movements of the mandible. The sphenoid attachment of the muscle is always fixed, meaning that the direction of pull is oriented towards it.
What movements do the medial and lateral Pterygoids perform?
How do you test the lateral pterygoid muscle?
Attempted palpation of what has been thought to be this structure is commonly done by placing the forefinger, or the little finger, over the buccal area of the maxillary third molar region and exerting pressure in a posterior, superior, and medial direction behind the maxillary tuberosity (Figure 2).
What is mandible depression?
The anterior buccal mandibular depression (ABMD) is a bilateral symmetrical depression located anterior to the mental foramen and extends under the alveoli of the first premolar to the central incisor. The prevalence, dimensions and contents of the ABMD in cadavers of fetuses and adult modern humans were evaluated.
What is a pterygoid plate fracture?
Classically, pterygoid plate fractures are common findings in skull-base and Le Fort–type fractures associated with blunt head and maxillofacial trauma. 1. Originally described by René Le Fort in 1901, dissociating mid-face fractures can be categorized into 3 groups: type I, type II, and type III Le Fort fracture.
What does auriculotemporal nerve do?
The auriculotemporal nerve is a branch of the mandibular nerve that provides sensation to several regions on the side of your head, including the jaw, ear, and scalp. For much of its course through the structures of your head and face, it runs along the superficial temporal artery and vein.
Which muscles does the masseteric artery supply?
The masseteric artery is a small branch from the second part of the maxillary artery. It passes laterally through the mandibular notch to the deep surface of the masseter muscle. It supplies the muscle, and anastomoses with the masseteric branches of the external maxillary and with the transverse facial artery.